1.动词
to bring things or information together from different people or places; to gradually increase in amount in a place
收集，采集;收藏;搜集;聚集，集合，汇集;聚积;领取;收走，接走;（把东西）收拾好，收起来;募捐;收（欠款）;收到;赢得，获得;（平面上）积满;积聚(光、能或热);(重新)集中(思想等)，使(自己)镇定下来 ;打起(精神)，鼓起(勇气)
collect sth (from sb/sth)
收集；采集
collect data/evidence/information
收集资料 / 证据 / 信息(情报)
collect stamps/postcards, etc.
集邮、收藏明信片等
I used to collect stamps.
我曾经集过邮。
Two young girls were collecting firewood.
两个小女孩正在拾柴火。
We collected dry sticks to start a fire.
我们捡了些枯枝生起火来。
We collected shells on the beach.
我们在海滩拾贝壳。
Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
考生必须留在座位上，等所有试卷收好以后方可离去。
candidate [?k?nd?d?t]
n.候选人;(竞选或求职的)申请人;投考者;应试者;参加考试的人;被认定适合者;被认定有某种结局者
We've been collecting data from various sources.
我们一直从各种渠道收集资料。
We're collecting signatures for a petition.
我们在为请愿书收集签名。
Samples were collected from over 200 patients.
已从200多名病人取样。
A crowd began to collect in front of the embassy.
人群开始聚集在大使馆的前面。
embassy [?emb?si]
n.(统称)使馆官员;大使馆(指馆舍)
That guitar's been sitting collecting dust for years now.
那把吉他至今已尘封多年。
Dirt had collected in the corners of the room.
房间的角落里积满了灰尘。
Water had collected in the holes in the road.
水积聚在道路的坑洼处。
She's gone to collect her son from school.
她到学校接她儿子去了。
David always collects Alistair from school on Wednesdays.
戴维总是星期三去学校接阿利斯泰尔。
I have to collect the children from school at 3 o'clock.
我得在3点钟到学校接孩子。
We arranged for a car to collect us from the airport.
我们安排了一辆轿车到机场接我们。
The hotel had a taxi waiting to collect us.
旅馆召了辆出租车等着接我们。
此时与 pick up同意
The package is waiting to be collected.
这包裹在等人领取。
collect (sth) (for sth)
募捐；募集
We're collecting for local charities.
我们正在为当地慈善机构募捐。
We collected over ￡300 for the appeal.
我们为此呼吁募集了300多英镑。
appeal [??pi?l]
n.上诉;申诉;吸引力;感染力;魅力;(尤指慈善机构或警方的)呼吁，吁请，恳求;启发
v.上诉;申诉;有吸引力;有感染力;引起兴趣;呼吁;吁请;恳求;启发
We collected money in behalf of the homeless.
我们为帮助无家可归者而募捐。
She collected ￡25 000 in compensation.
她得到了25 000英镑赔偿金。
compensation [?kɑ?mpen?se??n]
n.(对不利局面的)补偿;赔偿;补偿(或赔偿)物;(尤指)赔偿金;补偿金;使坏的情况变好的事物
Are you collecting for charity?
你是在为慈善事业筹款吗？
The money was collected for a specific purpose.
这笔钱是为一个特定用途而收的。
I'm collecting sponsors for next week's charity run.
我正在为下星期的募款赛跑征集捐款者。
sponsor [?spɑ?ns?r]
n.赞助商;(广播电视节目、音乐会或运动会的)赞助者;为慈善活动捐资的人;义赛(或义演等)捐款者;(培训或教育的)资助者;（法案等的）倡议者，发起人，倡导者;保人;代父（或母）
vt.主办;举办;赞助(活动、节目等);促成;为慈善活动捐资;为义赛捐款;资助;倡议，提交（法案等）
We collected ￡ 700 and every penny went to charity.
我们募集了700英镑，悉数捐给了慈善事业。
collect a prize/a medal
获奖；赢得奖牌
She paused for a moment to collect herself.
她停了一会儿，让自己镇定下来。
I'm fine─I just need a minute to collect myself.
我没事，只是需要稍稍镇定一下。
She paused to collect her thoughts before entering the interview room.
她停下来定了定神，才走进面试室。
collect yourself/your thoughts（尽力）镇定下来，敛神专注；做好精神准备
2.形容词和副词
由受话人付费的； (打电话、电报等时)以由受话人(或收报人等)付费的方式
make a collect call
打对方付费电话
call sb collect
给某人打由受话人付费的电话(adv)
She received a collect phone call from Alaska.
她接到一个从阿拉斯加打来的付费电话。
I’d like to make a collect phone call.
我想打一个由对方付费的电话。
Could you make this call collect ,please?
请把这个电话让对方付费，好吗？（adv）
I called home collect and told my parents I didn’t think I was smart enough to be there.《亲历历史》
我给家里打了一个由家里付费的电话，告诉父母说，我认为自己不够聪明，不配当韦尔斯利的学生。（adv）
该书译本没有将collect的副词表示“由对方付费的”含义译出来。
3.collected,adj镇静;冷静;泰然;收成全集的
She always stays cool, calm and collected in a crisis.
她在危急关头总是很冷静镇定，处之泰然。
crisis [?kra?s?s]
n.危机;危急关头;危难时刻;决定性时刻，关键阶段;病危期;（病情的）转折点;(戏剧、小说等情节中的)关子
adj.用于处理危机的
Police say she was cool and collected during her interrogation.
警方说她在审问过程中表现得冷静自若。
interrogation [?n?ter??ɡe??n]
n.审问;讯问
She tried to remain cool, calm and collected.
她试图保持冷静、沉着、镇定。
the collected works of Rudyard Kipling
拉迪亚德·吉卜林作品全集
4.collection n.收集;(常指同类的)收藏品;一批物品;一群人;取走;拿走;聚集;聚积;作品集;募捐，募集;（常为季节性推出的）系列时装（或家用品)
a collection of一批物品；一群人
注意单复数的运用。a collection of+复数名词的谓语动词应当用单数。
There was a collection of books and shoes on the floor.
地板上有成堆的书和鞋。
This collection of essays is edited by Ellen Knight
这本文集是由埃伦·奈特编选的。
There is always a strange collection of runners in the London Marathon.
每次总会有一批稀奇古怪的选手参加伦敦马拉松比赛。
Robert's collection of prints and paintings has been bought over the years.
这些年来，罗伯特逐渐收藏了一批版画和绘画作品。
There is a large collection of texts available for consultation on-screen.
有大量的文本可通过电脑查阅。
She's the editor of a new collection of ghost stories.
她编了一部新版鬼故事集。
His collection of plants contains many rarities.
他收藏的植物包括许多稀有品种。
His priceless collection of Chinese art and artefacts was garnered over three decades.
他那批价值连城的中国艺术品和手工艺品是花了30多年才收集起来的。
A large collection of contemporary photographs , including some taken by Henry,is on display at the museum.
博物馆展出了大量当代照片，其中包括亨利拍摄的一些照片。(托福真题)
5.collective
adj.集体的;共有的;共同的;全体成员的;总体的
n.企业集团;合作农场;集体企业
collective leadership/decision-making/responsibility
集体领导 / 决策；共同责任
collective memory 集体记忆
an independent collective making films for television
为电视制作影片的独立集体企业
It was a collective decision
这是集体的决定。
I do feel deeply the strength of the collective.
我确实深深地感到了集体的力量。
He will see that he is participating in all the decisions of the collective.
他会确保自己参与集体企业的各项决策。
participate [pɑ?r?t?s?pe?t] vi.参加;参与
Many of the old agricultural collectives are now being turned into
agribusiness corporations.
许多老式的农业合作群体现在正在转型为农业综合经营公司。
agribusiness[??ɡr?b?zn?s]
n.农业综合企业
This sort of activity damages the reputation of the collective.
这种行为有损于集体的荣誉。
reputation [?repju?te??n] n.名誉;名声
As a result of collective effort, the difficult situation changed into a favourable one.
经过大家的努力，困难的局面终于让位于顺利的局面。
He takes the road of collective prosperity instead of trying to build up family fortunes.
他走集体富裕的道路，不搞个人发家致富。
prosperity [prɑ??sper?ti] n.兴旺;繁荣;成功;昌盛
6.collect、gather、accumulate、 run sth up、amass、assemble、convene动词的用法区别
collect聚集，汇集（正式）也常指人在某一处集中或逐渐地聚集成群。
A crowd was starting to collect around the spot of the accident.
人群开始聚集在事故现场。
More and more people began to collect in front of the embassy.
越来越多的人开始聚集在大使馆前面。
在“收集；采集”时和gather同义。
gather指收拢、归拢（分散的东西），搜集、收集（情报）；普通用词，可指人和物，侧重于围绕某个中心而聚集。
The boys and girls gathered for a picnic.
男生和女生集合起来去野餐。
Leaves gathered in heaps.
树叶集成了堆。
A crowd gathered at the scene of the accident.
出事地点聚集了一群人。
I waited while he gathered up his papers.
他整理文件时我就在一旁等待。
Detectives have spent months gathering evidence.
侦探花了数月时间搜集证据。
collect和gather均可指收集资料、情报或证据。
将分散在附近的东西、财物或文件收拢用gather；从不同的人或分散的地方收集样品用collect。
accumulate指积累、聚积（与amass同义）；（数量）逐渐增加：(数额)逐渐增长（与build up同义）
I seem to have accumulated a lot of books.
我好像已经积存了很多书。
By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.
她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。
Debts began to accumulate.
债务开始增加。
accumulate / run up / amass debts
Households accumulate wealth across a broad spectrum of assets
家庭在以各种各样的资产形式积累财富。
It was his ambition to accumulate a million dollars before he turned thirty
他立志要在而立之年以前攒够100万美元。
The collective wealth has been accumulated bit by bit.
集体的家业是一点一滴地积攒起来的。
Snow accumulated to a depth of five feet.
积雪达5英尺。
Goods are accumulating rapidly.
货物正在迅速地积聚起来。
Knowledge is accumulated little by little.
知识是一点点儿积累起来的。
run sth up指积欠（账款、债务）、累积（损失）（几乎总是与bill、debt或loss等词连用。）：
She had run up a huge phone bill.
她已经欠下了一大笔电话费。
He ran up a ￡1,400 bill at the Britannia Adelphi Hotel.
他在大不列颠阿德尔菲酒店积欠了1,400英镑的账单。
He had run up credit card debts of thousands of dollars.
他积欠了数千元的信用卡借款。
We ran up a massive hotel bill.
我们累积了大笔的旅馆费。
Many ran up huge debts as they spent millions to buy foreign players.
很多俱乐部因为斥巨资购买外援而积欠了巨额债务。
His errant son at Dartmouth ran up debts of ￡ 250m.
他那行为出格的儿子在达特茅斯欠下了高达2亿5千万英镑的债务。
errant [?er?nt]
adj.漫游的，漂泊的;离开正道的，迷途的;犯错误的
n.漫游者;游侠骑士
She keeps running up huge debts and asking friends to bail her out.
她的债越欠越多，只好请朋友帮她摆脱困境。
bail [be?l]
n.保释金;保释;三柱门上的横木
v.允许保释(某人);(尤指迅速地)离开;与…搭讪(常指对方不愿意)
amass 指大量积累、积聚（尤指金钱、债务或情报）：
He amassed a fortune from silver mining.
他靠开采银矿积累了一笔财富。
mining [?ma?n??]
n.采矿;采矿业
coal/diamond/gold/tin mining
煤矿 / 钻石矿 / 金矿 / 锡矿开采
mine v.(在某地)开矿，采矿;埋雷于;布雷于;用雷炸毁(车辆)
How had he amassed his fortune?
他是如何积累财富的呢？
He amassed great treasure.
他积累了大量的金银财宝。
By some devices or other he amassed a huge fortune.
他利用种种手段积累了一大笔财富。
assemble常指为某种目的聚集在一起。
A large crowd assembled in front of the office building.
一大群人聚集在办公大楼前面。
All the students were asked to assemble in the main hall.
全体学生获通知到大礼堂集合。
assemble evidence/data
收集证据 / 数据
The manager has assembled a world-class team.
经理已聚集了一个世界一流的班子。
Everyone was assembled at the appointed time.
全体人员均按规定时间召集到场。
We were requested to assemble in the lobby.
要求我们在大厅集合。
He preached to the assembled multitude.
他向聚集在那里的民众布道。
He has assembled a team of experts to handle queries .
他召集了一班专家来答疑解惑。
query [?kw?ri]
n.查询;询问;疑问;问号
v.询问;怀疑;表示疑虑
As chief executive, he assembled a polished stable of celebrities.
作为首席执行官，他手下云集了一批优雅的名人名士。
executive [?ɡ?zekj?t?v]
n.总经理;(公司或机构的)经理，主管领导，管理人员;(统称公司或机构的)行政领导，领导层;(政府的)行政部门
adj.经营管理的;经理的;决策的;有执行权的;实施的;行政的;高级的;供重要人物使用的
polished [?pɑ?l??t]
adj.抛光的;磨光的;擦亮的;优雅的;娴熟的
polish v.擦光;磨光;修改;润饰;润色
stable [?ste?bl]
adj.稳固的;牢固的;稳重的;沉稳的;持重的;(化学状态或原子状态)稳定的
n.马厩;(养马作特定用途的)养马场;马房;统称某人拥有(或训练的)赛马;一批人
vt.使(马)入厩;把(马)拴在马厩
celebrity [s??lebr?ti]
n.名人;名流;名望;名誉;著名
He assembled a panel of scholars to advise him
他组织了一个学者小组为他出谋划策。
panel美 [?p?nl]
n.面板;(门、墙等上面的)嵌板，镶板，方格板块;(车身的)金属板，板金;(衣服上的)镶条，嵌条，饰片;专家咨询组;控制板，仪表盘
vt.镶板(用木或玻璃板等镶嵌或装饰)
A panel of judges is now selecting the finalists.
评判小组现在正选拔参加决赛的选手。
The children were assembled in hundreds.
数以百计的孩子们被集合起来。
One spring morning a handful of potential investors assembled in Quincy.
春天的一个早上，几位有望投资者聚集在昆西。
handful [?h?ndf?l]
n.少数;一把(的量);用手抓起的数量;少数人(或物);难以控制的人(或动物)
a handful of 少数人（或物）
potential [p??ten?l]
adj.潜在的;可能的
n.可能性;潜在性;潜力;潜质;电位;电势;电压
The city's crime rate is a serious turn-off to potential investors.
这个城市的犯罪率使得潜在的投资者望而却步。
In the evening, the people assemble in the mosques .
晚上，人们聚集到清真寺里。
mosque [mɑ?sk] n.清真寺
Greenpeace managed to assemble enough boats to waylay the ship at sea
绿色和平组织设法聚集起足够数量的小船在海上拦截该船。
waylay [we??le?]
vt.拦截(尤其是为了谈话或袭击);拦路
Everyone had already assembled in the boardroom for the 9:00 a.m. session.
所有人都已集中到了董事会会议室，准备参加上午9点钟的会议。
We'll assemble at the gate at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning.
明晨七时在门口会齐。
She has assembled a collection of her favourite albums.
她收集了一些自己最喜欢的专辑。
album [??lb?m]
n.专辑;相册;影集;集邮簿;集物簿册;(唱片或盒式磁带等上的)音乐专辑;歌曲专辑;歌集唱片
convene [k?n?vi?n]聚集，集合；召集; 指聚集起来或召集有关人员举行正式会议。
convene a meeting
召开会议
The committee will convene at 11.30 next Thursday.
委员会将在下星期四上午11:30开会。
Senior officials convened in October 1991 in London.
1991年10月，高级官员在伦敦会齐。
A Board of Inquiry was convened immediately after the accident.
事故后调查委员会立即召开了会议。
inquiry [??nkw?ri]
n.调查;查询;询问;打听;(官方的)查问;询问过程
Last August he convened a meeting of his closest advisers at Camp David .
去年8月，他召集自己最亲近的顾问在戴维营开会。
The president convened (a meeting of) his ministers to discuss the matter.
总统召集部长（开会）讨论这个问题。
The teaching group convenes every week.
教学小组每周开会一次。
When do you expect the Geneva conference will convene?
你预计日内瓦会议将在何时召开？
The conference will be convened as scheduled.
会议将如期召开。
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